Diabetes and Dentistry

Miranda Schwartz
1 March 1998

Taking Precautions

Dental therapy for people with diabetes does not have an established criteria, although dental offices record medical conditions such as diabetes they may not be prepared for an emergency resulting from diabetes. It is important to discuss your diabetes and possible low and high blood sugar scenarios with your dental team.

According to Finney, the dental team needs to know if their patients take oral agents or insulin because that means special precautions must be taken. He advocates that dentists caring for patients with diabetes have a calibrated glucose meter, glucose tablets or fruit juice, and a glucagon kit available.

They should also be familiar with the common signs of hypoglycemia such as loss of coordination, blurry vision, palpitations, rapid heart rate, sweating and shaking. He also suggests finding out if a patient with diabetes has hypoglycemic unawareness, a condition in which they experience few if any signs and symptoms of low blood sugars.

According to Finney, a common situation leading to hypoglycemia at the dental office is a patient skipping breakfast before an appointment but taking the regular amount of insulin.

Severe hyperglycemia may occur as well, but less frequently. Acetone breath and dehydration, dry mucous membranes and changes in mental status are signs that blood glucose is too high and dental procedures should be postponed.

Be Aware

The relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease is well-established. Since periodontal disease can be prevented, education should start in childhood.

"The key thing to remember is that diabetes can cause additional problems so those with diabetes need to take additional care to keep their teeth and gums healthy," says Finney.

Fortunately, this care is simple and inexpensive compared to the pain and cost of replacing lost teeth.

Dry Mouth:

Biotene antibacterial dry mouth toothpaste, dental chewing gum and alcohol-free mouth wash from Laclede. Oralbalance saliva substitute gel is also available from Laclede.

Call (888) BIOTENE (246-8363) for more information